[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/historie-poznani-elektrickeho-proudu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/historie-poznani-elektrickeho-proudu\/","headline":"Historie pozn\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu","name":"Historie pozn\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu","description":"O elekt\u0159inu a jej\u00ed praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed se pak za\u010dali zaj\u00edmat mnoz\u00ed v\u011bdci a badatel\u00e9. 1. polovina 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159inesla v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 objevy a z\u00e1kony vlastnost\u00ed elekt\u0159iny a tak\u00e9 definici souvzta\u017enosti elekt\u0159iny a magnetismu. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u011btu tyto objevy p\u0159inesli, jsou zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edmi tak, \u017ee je dnes dok\u00e1\u017ee vyslovit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161kol\u00e1k: Michael Faraday, Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e9re,...","datePublished":"2025-03-03","dateModified":"2023-05-03","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4e6a74466e4227c12d5306875d08720cdfce3572213740db6f4a2e5e46e710ff?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4e6a74466e4227c12d5306875d08720cdfce3572213740db6f4a2e5e46e710ff?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"oskarimax.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308438_w2309_t1519489381.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308438_w2309_t1519489381.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/historie-poznani-elektrickeho-proudu\/","wordCount":538,"articleBody":"O elekt\u0159inu a jej\u00ed praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed se pak za\u010dali zaj\u00edmat mnoz\u00ed v\u011bdci a badatel\u00e9. 1. polovina 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159inesla v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 objevy a z\u00e1kony vlastnost\u00ed elekt\u0159iny a tak\u00e9 definici souvzta\u017enosti elekt\u0159iny a magnetismu. Lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed sv\u011btu tyto objevy p\u0159inesli, jsou zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edmi tak, \u017ee je dnes dok\u00e1\u017ee vyslovit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0161kol\u00e1k: Michael Faraday, Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e9re, Alessandro Volta, Georg Simon Ohm. A\u017e se budete zam\u00fd\u0161let nad t\u00edm, kolik volt\u016f m\u00e1me v elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edti (230), na kolika amp\u00e9rov\u00fd jisti\u010d je zapojena va\u0161e pra\u010dka (10), jakou impedanci – kolik ohm\u016f vykazuje odpor sluch\u00e1tek MP3 p\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010de (35), tak nev\u011bdomky vyslovujete jm\u00e9na mu\u017e\u016f, bez nich\u017e byste si nemohli p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst ani tento \u010dl\u00e1nek. Elektromagnetick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jako jedna z forem hmoty V roce 1865 do\u0161lo k objevu nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu. James Clerk Maxwell stanovil z\u00e1konitosti elektromagnetick\u00e9ho pole, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1zal popsat pouh\u00fdmi 4 matematick\u00fdmi rovnicemi. Jeho objev\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me dodnes jednak p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie samotn\u00e9, ale i k jej\u00edmu praktick\u00e9mu vyu\u017eit\u00ed v podob\u011b elektrick\u00fdch spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u016f. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 revoluce 2. poloviny 19. stolet\u00ed ji\u017e plynule nav\u00e1zala na \u00fasp\u011bchy objevitel\u016f a vznikaly prvn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1rovky, tps:\/\/www.witex.cz\/s-kvalitnimi-elektroinstalacnimi-prvky-vam-bude-lepe\/ gener\u00e1tory elektrick\u00e9ho proudu, obloukov\u00e9 lampy (pouli\u010dn\u00ed osv\u011btlen\u00ed), telefonn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje, elektromotory. Dal\u0161\u00ed jm\u00e9na, kter\u00e1 zn\u00e1te ze \u0161koly, v\u00e1s jist\u011b oslov\u00ed: Nikola Tesla, Thomas Alva Edison, Heinrich Hertz, Alexander Graham Bell, Franti\u0161ek K\u0159i\u017e\u00edk. Joseph John Thompson, Max Planck, Albert Einstein Elektrick\u00fd proud se v\u0161ak dosud neda\u0159ilo rozpoznat z hlediska atom\u00e1rn\u00ed a kvantov\u00e9 teorie. V\u00fdznamn\u00fd objev p\u0159inesl a\u017e J. J. Thompson nalezen\u00edm \u010d\u00e1stice elektronu a Max Planck a Albert Einstein pak vyslovili prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 principy elektromagnetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch vlnov\u00fdch d\u00e9lek.V roce 1911 byl objeven prvn\u00ed proton a v roce 1932 neutron. T\u00edm vzniklo nov\u00e9 odv\u011btv\u00ed tzv. kvantov\u00e9 elektrodynamiky element\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic a n\u00e1sledn\u011b byla vyrobena v\u016fbec prvn\u00ed elektronka. Uvnit\u0159 bylo vakuum a d\u00edky elektronk\u00e1m lid\u00e9 mohli poslouchat prvn\u00ed rozhlasov\u00e9 vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed. Krom\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed rozhlasu po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b se pak na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed za\u010daly stav\u011bt ve velk\u00e9m stylu elektr\u00e1rny a byla elektrifikov\u00e1na prvn\u00ed m\u011bsta. Elektrick\u00fd proud za\u010dal pronikat do v\u0161ech dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a bohu\u017eel museli brzy na to lid\u00e9 nam\u00edsto \u017eivota v blahobytu \u010delit fa\u0161istick\u00e9mu hnut\u00ed v N\u011bmecku, v It\u00e1lii a v Japonsku. Prvn\u00ed objev tranzistoru byl uskute\u010dn\u011bn a\u017e v roce 1947 a tranzistory se pak staly z\u00e1kladem polovodi\u010dov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek a elektrick\u00fdch obvod\u016f na n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek let. Nahradily je pak mikroprocesory, kter\u00e9 sest\u00e1vaj\u00ed vlastn\u011b z n\u011bkolika milion\u016f t\u011bch prap\u016fvodn\u00edch tranzistor\u016f. Jak dlouhou cestu tedy musela urazit technika, abyste si mohli zapnout notebook a objednat si v e-shopu novou automatickou pra\u010dku, by m\u011bl zn\u00e1t ka\u017ed\u00fd z V\u00e1s, aby si \u00fasil\u00ed objevitel\u016f a technik\u016f mohl alespo\u0148 v\u00e1\u017eit.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.1\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Historie pozn\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu","item":"https:\/\/www.oskarimax.cz\/historie-poznani-elektrickeho-proudu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]